Euripides, one of the most celebrated playwrights of ancient Greece, was born around 480 BCE in the city of Salamis, an island near Athens. He is often regarded as one of the three great tragedians of classical Athens, alongside Aeschylus and Sophocles. Euripides’ life spanned a tumultuous period in Greek history, marked by the Peloponnesian War, which profoundly influenced his work. He passed away in 406 BCE in Macedonia, where he sought refuge during his later years.

Euripides is best known for his innovative approach to tragedy, which often included complex characters and a focus on psychological depth. His notable works include "Medea," "The Bacchae," "Hippolytus," and "The Trojan Women." These plays not only explore themes of passion, revenge, and the human condition but also challenge traditional norms and societal expectations. His style introduced a more realistic form of dialogue and character development, setting him apart from his contemporaries.

Growing up in Salamis, Euripides was likely influenced by the cultural and political climate of Athens, where he later moved. His early life remains somewhat obscure, but it is believed that he received a good education, which included study in philosophy and the arts. His literary career began in earnest in the 455 BCE, when he first competed in the City Dionysia, a prestigious festival for playwrights. Over his lifetime, he produced around 90 plays, though only 18 have survived in complete form. His contributions significantly shaped the evolution of drama and tragedy in Western literature.

Euripides’ personal life is less documented, but he is known to have had a somewhat solitary disposition, often retreating from the social and political life of Athens. He married and had three children, but his relationships were marked by challenges, reflecting the themes of conflict and emotional turmoil present in his works. Despite his struggles, Euripides' legacy endures, as his plays continue to be studied and performed, resonating with modern audiences and influencing countless writers and playwrights throughout history.