William Somerset Maugham, commonly known as W. Somerset Maugham, was born on January 25, 1874, in Paris, France. He was the son of a British diplomat, and his early life was marked by significant upheaval. After the death of his father when he was just eight years old, Maugham and his siblings were sent to live with their aunt in England. This period of instability had a profound impact on his character and later writings, as he often explored themes of isolation and the complexities of human relationships.

Maugham pursued a medical degree at St. Thomas's Hospital in London, but his passion for writing led him to abandon medicine for literature. He published his first novel, "Liza of Lambeth," in 1897, which garnered attention and marked the beginning of his literary career. Over the years, Maugham produced a vast body of work, including novels, short stories, and plays. He is best known for notable works such as "Of Human Bondage," "The Razor's Edge," and "The Moon and Sixpence," which showcase his keen psychological insights and mastery of narrative style.

Throughout his literary career, Maugham traveled extensively, drawing inspiration from his experiences in diverse cultures. His observations of human behavior, especially in colonial settings, were reflective of both his own background and the era's complexities. Maugham's writing is characterized by its clarity, wit, and often cynical take on life, which resonated with readers during the early to mid-20th century.

In his personal life, Maugham was known for his reserved nature and complex relationships. He had a long-term partnership with a man named Gerald Haxton, which revealed his bisexuality in an era when such matters were often stigmatized. Maugham passed away on December 16, 1965, in Nice, France, leaving behind a legacy as one of the most significant writers of his time, whose works continue to be studied and appreciated for their depth and insight into the human condition.