Stendhal, born Marie-Henri Beyle on January 23, 1783, in Grenoble, France, is celebrated as one of the foremost figures in 19th-century literature. He passed away on March 23, 1842, in Paris, leaving behind a rich legacy of novels, essays, and critical writings that explore the complexities of human emotion and society. Stendhal's works are characterized by their psychological depth and a keen understanding of the intricacies of love, ambition, and the human condition.

Stendhal's early life was marked by the influences of the Napoleonic era, which shaped his worldview and literary sensibilities. The son of a wealthy lawyer, he was educated in Grenoble before moving to Paris, where he experienced the cultural upheavals of the time. His exposure to the arts and literature during this formative period ignited his passion for writing, leading him to pursue a career as a novelist and critic.

His literary career began in earnest with the publication of "Armance" in 1827, but it was his later works, such as "The Red and the Black" (1830) and "The Charterhouse of Parma" (1839), that established him as a master of realism. These novels delve into themes of ambition, social class, and the conflict between personal desires and societal expectations. Stendhal's writing style is notable for its sharp observations and vivid characterizations, often drawing from his own experiences in love and society.

In his personal life, Stendhal was known for his romantic liaisons and a deep appreciation for art and culture. He traveled extensively throughout Italy, which had a profound impact on his writing. His experiences in love, particularly his infatuation with beautiful women, greatly influenced his portrayal of romantic relationships in his novels. Despite his somewhat solitary existence, Stendhal's vibrant personality and intellectual pursuits left an indelible mark on the literary world, securing his place as a pioneering figure in modern literature.