Sophocles, one of the most influential figures in ancient Greek literature, was born around 497/6 BC in Colonus, a suburb of Athens. He was a playwright and a prominent figure in the dramatic arts during the Golden Age of Athens. His contributions to theatre and literature have left a lasting legacy that continues to resonate in modern storytelling.

Sophocles is best known for his tragedies, with notable works including "Oedipus Rex," "Antigone," and "Electra." His plays often explore complex themes such as fate, moral responsibility, and the nature of the human condition. The depth of his characters and the intricacies of his plots set a high standard for dramatic literature, making him a pivotal figure in the development of Western drama.

Sophocles was born into a wealthy family, which afforded him a good education and exposure to the arts from an early age. He is said to have begun his literary career by winning his first dramatic competition at the age of 28. Over his lifetime, he wrote over 120 plays, of which only seven have survived in complete form. His innovative use of scenery, introduction of a third actor, and development of character psychology significantly transformed theatrical performance.

In his personal life, Sophocles experienced both triumph and tragedy. He served as a general in the Athenian army and was involved in civic duties, reflecting his deep commitment to his city-state. He lived through the turbulent times of the Peloponnesian War, which influenced the themes of his works. Sophocles died around 406 BC in Athens, leaving behind a rich legacy that would influence countless playwrights and thinkers throughout history. His works continue to be studied and performed, attesting to the timeless nature of his insights into the human experience.