Solomon Northup, born on July 10, 1808, in Minerva, New York, was an African American man of remarkable resilience and courage. He is best known for his autobiography, "Twelve Years a Slave," which chronicles his harrowing experiences as a free man who was kidnapped and sold into slavery. Northup's life story serves as a powerful testament to the brutality of slavery in the United States and has had a lasting impact on American literature and history. He died on June 22, 1863, in the same state where he was born, although the exact circumstances of his death remain somewhat unclear.

Northup's early life was marked by relative freedom; he was born to a free African American couple, Mintus and Elizabeth Northup. His father was a freed slave and a carpenter, which provided Solomon with a stable upbringing. He received a basic education and developed skills as a carpenter and violinist. In 1829, Northup married Anne Hampton, and together they had three children, establishing a family life in the North that contrasted sharply with the experiences of many enslaved individuals in the South.

His literary career began in 1853 with the publication of "Twelve Years a Slave," which he wrote after regaining his freedom. The book detailed his abduction in Washington, D.C., and subsequent experiences on southern plantations. It was both a personal narrative and a broader indictment of the institution of slavery, gaining significant attention and acclaim. Northup's work was not only a plea for the abolition of slavery but also an important historical document that illuminated the brutal realities faced by enslaved individuals.

In Northup's personal life, he was dedicated to advocating for the rights and dignity of African Americans. After the publication of his autobiography, he remained active in social justice movements, using his voice to speak out against the injustices of slavery. His legacy continues to resonate today, as "Twelve Years a Slave" has inspired numerous adaptations, including the acclaimed 2013 film directed by Steve McQueen, ensuring that Northup's story remains a vital part of the American narrative.