Joseph Conrad, born Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski on December 3, 1857, in Berdychiv, Ukraine, was a seminal figure in English literature despite being a Polish expatriate. He was the son of Polish parents who were involved in the nationalist movements against Russian rule. His early life was marked by tragedy; his father died when he was just a child, and his mother passed away shortly thereafter, leaving him orphaned at the age of eleven.

Conrad's literary career began rather late, as he spent the early years of his adulthood at sea, working as a sailor and eventually becoming a captain in the merchant navy. His maritime experiences deeply influenced his writing, providing a rich tapestry of themes and settings. He settled in England in 1878, where he learned English and began to write. His first novel, "Almayer's Folly," was published in 1895, marking the beginning of a distinguished literary journey.

Among Conrad's notable works are "Heart of Darkness," "Lord Jim," "Nostromo," and "The Secret Agent." These novels explore complex themes such as imperialism, morality, and the human condition, often set against the backdrop of colonial settings. His innovative narrative techniques and deep psychological insight have earned him a place among the great modernists.

Conrad married Englishwoman Jessie George in 1886, and they had three children together. His personal life was often tumultuous, shaped by his struggles with depression and health issues. He died on August 3, 1924, in Kensington, London, leaving behind a legacy that profoundly influenced 20th-century literature. Conrad's unique voice and exploration of existential dilemmas continue to resonate with readers and writers alike, solidifying his status as a literary giant.