John Dos Passos, born John Randolph Dos Passos on January 14, 1896, in Chicago, Illinois, was an influential American novelist and social activist. He passed away on September 28, 1970, in Baltimore, Maryland. His literary career spanned several decades, during which he became known for his innovative narrative techniques and his exploration of the social and political issues of his time.

Dos Passos grew up in a well-off family, spending his early years in Chicago and later in Virginia. His father was an architect, and his mother was a social worker, which exposed him to a variety of social issues from a young age. He attended the prestigious Harvard University, where he developed an interest in literature and the arts. After graduating in 1916, he served as an ambulance driver in World War I, an experience that profoundly shaped his views on war and society.

His literary career began in the 1920s, when he published his first novels, including "Three Soldiers" (1921), which drew heavily from his wartime experiences. However, he gained significant recognition with his groundbreaking work, the "U.S.A." trilogy—comprising "The 42nd Parallel," "1919," and "The Big Money"—which employed a unique blend of narrative styles, including stream-of-consciousness and montage. These novels not only captured the essence of American life during the early 20th century but also critiqued capitalism and the social injustices of the time.

In addition to his fiction, Dos Passos was also a passionate social commentator, actively engaged in political movements, particularly during the 1930s. His views evolved over time, leading him to distance himself from leftist ideologies later in life. Dos Passos' personal life was equally complex; he married twice and had several affairs, reflecting the tumultuous times in which he lived.

John Dos Passos remains a significant figure in American literature, celebrated for his innovative narrative techniques and his incisive critiques of society. His works continue to resonate, offering insights into the American experience that remain relevant today.