Dashiell Hammett, born Samuel Dashiell Hammett on May 27, 1894, in St. Mary's County, Maryland, is celebrated as a pioneering figure in American detective fiction. Hammett’s early life was marked by modesty; he grew up in a working-class family and faced financial difficulties that would shape his worldview. After his family moved to Philadelphia, he dropped out of school at the age of 14 to work various jobs, including as a clerk and a detective agency operative, experiences that would profoundly influence his writing.

Hammett’s literary career began in the 1920s, when he wrote for pulp magazines, developing a gritty, realistic style that diverged from the romanticized detective stories of the time. His notable works include "The Maltese Falcon" (1929), "The Glass Key" (1931), and "The Thin Man" (1934). These novels introduced iconic characters like Sam Spade and Nick and Nora Charles, blending intricate plots with vivid characterizations. His writing captured the complexities of human morality and the often harsh realities of life, laying the groundwork for modern crime fiction.

In addition to his literary success, Hammett's personal life was marked by tumult. He was a prominent figure in the literary and political circles of his time, involved with the Communist Party and an outspoken critic of fascism. His marriage to playwright Josephine Dolan was tumultuous, leading to separation, and he had a long-term relationship with novelist Lillian Hellman. Hammett passed away on January 10, 1961, in New York City, leaving behind a legacy that continues to influence writers and filmmakers today. His works remain a testament to the evolution of the detective genre, embodying the spirit of hard-boiled fiction.