Shaikh Muhammad Iqbal, widely recognized as Allama Iqbal, was a prominent poet, philosopher, and politician in British India, who played a pivotal role in inspiring the movement for independence and the creation of Pakistan. He was born on November 9, 1877, in Sialkot, Punjab, which is now in Pakistan. Iqbal passed away on April 21, 1938, in Lahore, where he is buried in a mausoleum that is a significant cultural landmark.

Iqbal's early life was marked by a strong emphasis on education and intellectual growth. He attended the Government College in Lahore, where he earned a Bachelor’s degree. He later traveled to England for further studies, obtaining his degree in Philosophy from the University of Cambridge. This diverse educational background set the stage for his later literary and philosophical pursuits.

Iqbal's literary career flourished in both Persian and Urdu, and he is celebrated for his profound poetry, which delves into themes of self-discovery, spirituality, and social reform. His notable works include "Shikwa" (Complaint) and "Jawab-e-Shikwa" (Response to the Complaint), which reflect his deep engagement with the socio-political context of his time. Iqbal’s poetry not only resonates with the struggle for independence but also explores the concept of Khudi, or selfhood, urging individuals to realize their potential.

In his personal life, Iqbal was married twice and had two children. Despite the challenges he faced, including the loss of his first wife, he remained committed to his vision for Pakistan and the empowerment of Muslims in India. His legacy continues to influence generations, as he is regarded as the "Spiritual Father of Pakistan" and a key figure in Urdu literature. Overall, Allama Iqbal's contributions to literature and philosophy have left an indelible mark on the cultural and intellectual landscape of South Asia.